This is a big-size 10 Rupee note from the early 'Fafda' issue — one of the older large-format Reserve Bank of India ten-rupee designs, carrying an early governor's signature.
Collectors prize these early big-size notes because they predate the smaller modern formats and survive in far fewer numbers. An early governor's signature, together with a recognised catalogue variety, makes a note like this a genuine key piece for a ten-rupee collection.
Value depends heavily on the signature, the exact variety and the note's grade — an intact, cleanly preserved example is worth well above a worn one. Coinbazzar lists verified big-size 10 Rupee Fafda notes so you can confirm the signatory, variety and condition before you buy.